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本文详述了如何在Linux操作系统的VPS上搭建OpenStack,深入探讨了搭建过程中的关键步骤和技巧,旨在帮助读者高效实现VPS到OpenStack的转换,为搭建梯子软件提供坚实基础。
本文目录导读:
随着云计算技术的不断发展,OpenStack作为一种开源的云计算管理平台,已经成为了企业级私有云的首选解决方案,本文将详细介绍如何在VPS上搭建OpenStack,帮助读者快速掌握OpenStack的部署与使用。
OpenStack简介
OpenStack是一个由多个开源项目组成的云计算管理平台,旨在帮助组织构建和管理私有云和公有云,OpenStack提供了广泛的API接口,支持多种虚拟化技术,如KVM、Xen、VMware等,其主要组件包括Nova(计算服务)、Neutron(网络服务)、Cinder(存储服务)、Keystone(身份认证服务)等。
VPS搭建OpenStack的准备工作
1、准备一台VPS服务器,建议选择配置较高的服务器,以便更好地支持OpenStack的运行。
2、安装操作系统,推荐使用Ubuntu 18.04 LTS或CentOS 7。
3、配置网络,确保VPS服务器可以访问互联网。
4、安装必要的依赖包,如python3-pip、git等。
OpenStack搭建步骤
1、安装OpenStack包管理器
在Ubuntu 18.04 LTS上,执行以下命令安装OpenStack包管理器:
sudo apt update sudo apt install software-properties-common sudo add-apt-repository cloud-archive:train sudo apt update sudo apt install python3-openstackclient
在CentOS 7上,执行以下命令安装OpenStack包管理器:
sudo yum install centos-release-openstack-train sudo yum install python3-openstackclient
2、安装OpenStack组件
在Ubuntu 18.04 LTS上,执行以下命令安装OpenStack组件:
sudo apt install openstack-dashboard sudo apt install nova-api nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler sudo apt install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-metadata-agent sudo apt install cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume sudo apt install keystone
在CentOS 7上,执行以下命令安装OpenStack组件:
sudo yum install openstack-dashboard sudo yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-consoleauth openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler sudo yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge openstack-neutron-dhcp openstack-neutron-l3 openstack-neutron-metadata sudo yum install openstack-cinder-api openstack-cinder-scheduler openstack-cinder-volume sudo yum install openstack-keystone
3、配置OpenStack组件
(1)配置Keystone
编辑/etc/keystone/keystone.conf
文件,设置以下参数:
[database] connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEystoneDBPassword@localhost/keystone [token] provider = fernet [Catalog] driver = keystone.catalog.backends.sql.Catalog
创建Keystone数据库:
sudo mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE keystone; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEystoneDBPassword'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEystoneDBPassword'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; EXIT;
同步Keystone数据库:
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
启动Keystone服务:
sudo systemctl start openstack-keystone sudo systemctl enable openstack-keystone
创建Keystone认证令牌:
openstack token issue -f value -c id
(2)配置Nova
编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf
文件,设置以下参数:
[api] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = nova password = NovaPassword [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NovaDBPassword@localhost/nova_api
创建Nova数据库:
sudo mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE nova_api; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NovaDBPassword'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NovaDBPassword'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; EXIT;
同步Nova数据库:
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
启动Nova服务:
sudo systemctl start openstack-nova-api sudo systemctl start openstack-nova-consoleauth sudo systemctl start openstack-nova-scheduler sudo systemctl start openstack-nova-conductor sudo systemctl enable openstack-nova-api sudo systemctl enable openstack-nova-consoleauth sudo systemctl enable openstack-nova-scheduler sudo systemctl enable openstack-nova-conductor
(3)配置Neutron
编辑/etc/neutron/neutron.conf
文件,设置以下参数:
[database] connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NeutronDBPassword@localhost/neutron [keystone_authtoken] auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = NeutronPassword [service_providers] service_types = neutron
创建Neutron数据库:
sudo mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE neutron; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NeutronDBPassword'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NeutronDBPassword'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; EXIT;
同步Neutron数据库:
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --subproject neutron --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf upgrade head" neutron
启动Neutron服务:
sudo systemctl start openstack-neutron sudo systemctl enable openstack-neutron
(4)配置Cinder
编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf
文件,设置以下参数:
[database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CinderDBPassword@localhost/cinder [keystone_authtoken] auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = CinderPassword
创建Cinder数据库:
sudo mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE cinder; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CinderDBPassword'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'CinderDBPassword'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; EXIT;
同步Cinder数据库:
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
启动Cinder服务:
sudo systemctl start openstack-cinder-api sudo systemctl start openstack-cinder-scheduler sudo systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume sudo systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api sudo systemctl enable openstack-cinder-scheduler sudo systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume
4、配置OpenStack网络
(1)创建外部网络
openstack network create --external --provider physicsnet external_network openstack subnet create --network external_network --allocation-pool start=192.168.1.100,end=192.168.1.200 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 --gateway 192.168.1.1 external_subnet
(2)创建内部网络
openstack network create internal_network openstack subnet create --network internal_network --allocation-pool start=10.0.0.100,end=10.0.0.200 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 --gateway 10.0.0.1 internal_subnet
(3)创建路由器
openstack router create router1 openstack router add subnet router1 internal_subnet openstack router set --external-gateway external_network router1
5、使用OpenStack
(1)登录OpenStack Dashboard
在浏览器中输入http://controller:8000
,使用管理员账号登录OpenStack Dashboard。
(2)创建虚拟机
在OpenStack Dashboard中,创建虚拟机,选择内部网络和外部网络。
(3)访问虚拟机
通过OpenStack Dashboard的浮动IP地址访问虚拟机。
本文详细介绍了在VPS上搭建OpenStack
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VPS搭建OpenStack:vps搭建clash节点