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本文详细介绍了在Linux操作系统下,从零开始使用VPS搭建OpenStack私有云平台的全过程。内容包括VPS基础配置、环境准备、OpenStack组件安装与配置等关键步骤。文章还涉及了VPS搭建梯子的相关技巧,旨在帮助读者全面掌握VPS的灵活应用,实现高效、安全的私有云部署。通过这一攻略,即使是新手也能逐步构建起功能完善的OpenStack云平台。
本文目录导读:
随着云计算技术的迅猛发展,越来越多的企业和个人开始关注和使用云服务,OpenStack作为开源的云计算管理平台,因其灵活性和可扩展性,受到了广泛的关注和应用,本文将详细介绍如何在VPS(虚拟专用服务器)上搭建OpenStack私有云平台,帮助读者从零开始掌握这一技术。
准备工作
1、选择合适的VPS
硬件要求:至少4核CPU、8GB内存、100GB硬盘空间。
操作系统:推荐使用Ubuntu 20.04 LTS或CentOS 8。
2、安装必要的工具
SSH客户端:用于远程连接VPS。
文本编辑器:如Vim或Nano。
3、更新系统
```bash
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
```
安装OpenStack基础环境
1、安装OpenStack包管理工具
Ubuntu:
```bash
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-rePOSitory cloud-archive:ussuri
sudo apt update && sudo apt install python3-openstackclient -y
```
CentOS:
```bash
sudo yum install centos-release-openstack-ussuri -y
sudo yum install python3-openstackclient -y
```
2、配置网络
设置主机名:
```bash
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname openstack-controller
```
编辑主机文件:
```bash
sudo nano /etc/hosts
```
添加以下内容:
```
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 openstack-controller
```
3、安装数据库
安装MariaDB:
```bash
sudo apt install mariadb-server python3-pymysql -y
```
配置MariaDB:
```bash
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```
按提示设置root密码并优化配置。
4、安装消息队列服务
安装RabbitMQ:
```bash
sudo apt install rabbitmq-server -y
```
设置RabbitMQ用户:
```bash
sudo rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack
sudo rabbitmqctl set_perMissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
```
5、安装Memcached
```bash
sudo apt install memcached python3-memcache -y
```
6、安装Etcd
```bash
sudo apt install etcd -y
```
安装OpenStack服务
1、安装Keystone(身份认证服务)
安装软件包:
```bash
sudo apt install keystone apache2 libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3 -y
```
配置数据库:
```bash
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE keystone;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
EXIT;
```
配置Keystone:
编辑/etc/keystone/keystone.conf
,添加数据库连接信息:
```ini
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@localhost/keystone
```
初始化数据库:
```bash
sudo keystone-manage db_sync
```
配置Apache:
编辑/etc/apache2/sites-available/wsgi-keystone.conf
,添加以下内容:
```apache
<VirtualHost *:5000>
ServerName openstack-controller
WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=1 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGISocketPrefix /var/run/keystone
LogLevel info
ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/keystone.log
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/keystone_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
```
重启Apache:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```
2、安装Glance(镜像服务)
安装软件包:
```bash
sudo apt install glance -y
```
配置数据库:
```bash
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE glance;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
EXIT;
```
配置Glance:
编辑/etc/glance/glance-api.conf
和/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
,添加数据库连接信息:
```ini
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@localhost/glance
```
初始化数据库:
```bash
sudo glance-manage db_sync
```
3、安装Nova(计算服务)
安装软件包:
```bash
sudo apt install nova-api nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler -y
```
配置数据库:
```bash
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
EXIT;
```
配置Nova:
编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf
,添加数据库连接信息:
```ini
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@localhost/nova
```
4、安装Neutron(网络服务)
安装软件包:
```bash
sudo apt install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-metadata-agent -y
```
配置数据库:
```bash
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE neutron;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
EXIT;
```
配置Neutron:
编辑/etc/neutron/neutron.conf
,添加数据库连接信息:
```ini
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron@localhost/neutron
```
5、安装Horizon(仪表盘服务)
安装软件包:
```bash
sudo apt install openstack-dashboard -y
```
配置和测试
1、配置Keystone认证
创建服务实体和端点:
```bash
openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identity
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity public http://openstack-controller:5000/v3
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity internal http://openstack-controller:5000/v3
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity admin http://openstack-controller:5000/v3
```
2、创建项目和用户
创建admin项目和用户:
```bash
openstack project create --domain default --description "Admin Project" admin
openstack user create --domain default --project admin --password-prompt admin
openstack role create admin
openstack role add --project admin --user admin admin
```
3、测试环境
获取认证令牌:
```bash
openstack token issue
```
通过以上步骤,我们成功在VPS上搭建了OpenStack私有云平台,虽然过程较为复杂,但掌握了这些基本操作后,可以进一步扩展和优化云平台,满足更多业务需求,希望本文能为读者提供有价值的参考。
关键词
VPS, OpenStack, 私有云, 搭建, Ubuntu, CentOS, Keystone, Glance, Nova, Neutron, Horizon, 认证服务, 镜像服务, 计算服务, 网络服务, 仪表
本文标签属性:
VPS搭建OpenStack:vps搭建梯子免费