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本文详细介绍了Arch Linux操作系统中桌面环境的安装过程,包括桌面环境的选择以及安装步骤,旨在帮助用户顺利完成Arch Linux的桌面环境配置。
本文目录导读:
Arch Linux 是一款著名的轻量级、简单、灵活的 Linux 发行版,由于其高度可定制性,许多高级用户和开发者都偏爱使用 Arch Linux,本文将详细介绍如何在 Arch Linux 上安装桌面环境,让您的系统焕发活力。
准备工作
1、下载 Arch Linux 镜像:访问 Arch Linux 官方网站,下载最新的 ISO 镜像文件。
2、制作启动 U 盘:使用软件(如 Rufus)将 ISO 镜像写入 U 盘。
3、启动电脑并进入 Arch Linux:将 U 盘插入电脑,重启电脑,并在启动菜单中选择 Arch Linux。
4、连接网络:在终端中输入以下命令,连接到网络。
ping www.google.com
如果能够成功连接,则继续下一步。
分区与格式化
1、查看硬盘分区情况:
lsblk
2、使用 fdisk 或 gdisk 对硬盘进行分区:
fdisk /dev/sda
按照提示进行分区操作。
3、格式化分区:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
将分区格式化为 ext4 文件系统。
挂载分区
1、挂载根分区:
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
2、挂载其他分区(如 EFI 分区):
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/boot/efi
安装基本系统
1、安装 pacstrap:
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware
2、生成fstab文件:
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
配置系统
1、切换到新系统:
arch-chroot /mnt
2、设置时区:
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
3、同步时间:
hwclock --systohc
4、设置主机名:
echo "your_hostname" > /etc/hostname
5、配置hosts文件:
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost 127.0.0.1 your_hostname" > /etc/hosts
6、安装必要的软件:
pacman -S vi git bash-completion
安装桌面环境
1、安装显示管理器(如 sddm):
pacman -S sddm
2、安装桌面环境(以 GNOME 为例):
pacman -S gnome
3、启动显示管理器:
systemctl enable sddm
4、重启电脑,进入桌面环境。
安装其他软件
1、安装网络管理器(如 NetworkManager):
pacman -S networkmanager
2、启动网络管理器:
systemctl enable NetworkManager
3、安装其他常用软件:
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本文标签属性:
Arch Linux:archLinux 衍生版
桌面环境安装:桌面安装设置
Arch Linux桌面环境安装:arch linux2020安装教程