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[Linux操作系统]OpenStack云计算环境搭建详解与实践|openstack云计算基础架构平台,OpenStack云计算环境搭建,手把手教你搭建OpenStack云计算环境,从基础架构到实践详解

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本文深入探讨了Linux操作系统下OpenStack云计算环境的搭建过程,详细介绍了OpenStack基础架构平台的构建方法,旨在帮助读者掌握OpenStack云计算环境的具体实践步骤。

本文目录导读:

  1. OpenStack简介
  2. 环境准备
  3. OpenStack环境搭建步骤

随着云计算技术的快速发展,OpenStack作为一种开源的云计算管理平台,以其高度的可扩展性和灵活性,受到了越来越多企业和开发者的青睐,本文将详细介绍OpenStack云计算环境的搭建过程,帮助读者快速掌握OpenStack的基本使用方法。

OpenStack简介

OpenStack是一套开源的云计算管理平台项目,旨在为私有云、公有云和混合云提供统一的解决方案,OpenStack由多个组件组成,主要包括计算(Nova)、网络(Neutron)、存储(Cinder)、身份认证(Keystone)、镜像管理(Glance)等。

环境准备

1、硬件要求

- CPU:64位处理器

- 内存:至少4GB

- 硬盘:至少100GB

- 网络接口:至少两个物理网络接口

2、软件要求

- 操作系统:Ubuntu 18.04 LTS或CentOS 7

- Python版本:Python 3.6+

- MySQL数据库:MySQL 5.7+

- RabbitMQ消息队列:RabbitMQ 3.7+

- OpenStack版本:Train(或其他稳定版本)

OpenStack环境搭建步骤

1、安装操作系统

选择合适的操作系统,这里以Ubuntu 18.04 LTS为例,在安装过程中,确保安装了所有的更新和必要的软件包。

2、配置网络

为避免后续网络问题,需要在安装OpenStack之前对网络进行规划,建议使用静态IP地址,并规划好管理网络、数据网络和外部网络。

3、安装OpenStack依赖软件

在安装OpenStack之前,需要安装一些依赖软件,如MySQL、RabbitMQ、Memcached等。

- 安装MySQL:

     sudo apt-get install mysql-server python3-pymysql

- 安装RabbitMQ:

     sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server

- 安装Memcached:

     sudo apt-get install memcached python3-memcache

4、安装OpenStack组件

- 安装Keystone(身份认证服务):

     sudo apt-get install keystone

- 安装Glance(镜像管理服务):

     sudo apt-get install glance

- 安装Nova(计算服务):

     sudo apt-get install nova-api nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler

- 安装Neutron(网络服务):

     sudo apt-get install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-metadata-agent

- 安装Cinder(存储服务):

     sudo apt-get install cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume

5、配置OpenStack组件

- 配置Keystone:

修改/etc/keystone/keystone.conf文件,添加以下内容:

     [database]
     connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@controller/keystone
     [token]
     provider = fernet

- 配置Glance:

修改/etc/glance/glance-api.conf/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf文件,添加以下内容:

     [database]
     connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@controller/glance
     [keystone_authtoken]
     auth_uri = http://controller:5000
     auth_url = http://controller:35357
     memcached_servers = controller:11211
     auth_type = password
     project_domain_name = default
     user_domain_name = default
     project_name = service
     username = glance
     password = glance

- 配置Nova:

修改/etc/nova/nova.conf文件,添加以下内容:

     [api]
     auth_strategy = keystone
     [keystone_authtoken]
     auth_uri = http://controller:5000
     auth_url = http://controller:35357
     memcached_servers = controller:11211
     auth_type = password
     project_domain_name = default
     user_domain_name = default
     project_name = service
     username = nova
     password = nova
     [database]
     connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@controller/nova
     [rabbitmq]
     transport_url = rabbit://nova:nova@controller

- 配置Neutron:

修改/etc/neutron/neutron.conf文件,添加以下内容:

     [database]
     connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron@controller/neutron
     [keystone_authtoken]
     auth_uri = http://controller:5000
     auth_url = http://controller:35357
     memcached_servers = controller:11211
     auth_type = password
     project_domain_name = default
     user_domain_name = default
     project_name = service
     username = neutron
     password = neutron
     [nova]
     auth_url = http://controller:35357
     auth_type = password
     project_domain_name = default
     user_domain_name = default
     project_name = service
     username = nova
     password = nova
     [oslo_concurrency]
     lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

- 配置Cinder:

修改/etc/cinder/cinder.conf文件,添加以下内容:

     [database]
     connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@controller/cinder
     [keystone_authtoken]
     auth_uri = http://controller:5000
     auth_url = http://controller:35357
     memcached_servers = controller:11211
     auth_type = password
     project_domain_name = default
     user_domain_name = default
     project_name = service
     username = cinder
     password = cinder
     [oslo_concurrency]
     lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

6、同步数据库

执行以下命令同步数据库:

   sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
   sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
   sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
   sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --subproject neutron-server upgrade head" neutron
   sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder

7、启动OpenStack服务

执行以下命令启动OpenStack服务:

   sudo systemctl start apache2
   sudo systemctl start memcached
   sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server
   sudo systemctl start neutron-server
   sudo systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent
   sudo systemctl start neutron-dhcp-agent
   sudo systemctl start neutron-l3-agent
   sudo systemctl start neutron-metadata-agent
   sudo systemctl start nova-api
   sudo systemctl start nova-consoleauth
   sudo systemctl start nova-scheduler
   sudo systemctl start nova-conductor
   sudo systemctl start nova-novncproxy
   sudo systemctl start glance-api
   sudo systemctl start glance-registry
   sudo systemctl start cinder-api
   sudo systemctl start cinder-scheduler
   sudo systemctl start cinder-volume

8、配置防火墙规则

为了确保OpenStack服务的正常运行,需要配置防火墙规则,以下是一个示例:

   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22,80,443,5000,35357,9696,8773,8776,8777,8778 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dports 53,67,68 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 9613,9292,9393,9517 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dports 4789,8472 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 5000 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 35357 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 9696 -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 8773
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本文标签属性:

OpenStack云计算:openstack云计算安装步骤

环境搭建:c++环境搭建

OpenStack云计算环境搭建:openstack云计算基础架构平台

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